Khác biệt giữa các bản “Bản mẫu:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state”
(Tạo trang mới với nội dung “{{#switch:{{{symbol|}}} <!--- Period 1 ---> | H={{#switch:{{{format|}}} |main=−1, +1 |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−1'''…”) |
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| Dòng 3: | Dòng 3: | ||
| H={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | H={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=−1, +1 | |main=−1, +1 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−1'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−1'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Dòng 14: | Dòng 14: | ||
| Li={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Li={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+1 | |main=+1 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Be={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Be={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+2 | |main=+2 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name=ZeroValentBeryllium>Be(0) has been observed; see {{cite web |title= Beryllium(0) Complex Found |url= https://www.chemistryviews.org/details/news/9426001/Beryllium0_Complex_Found.html |publisher= [[Chemistry Europe]] |date= 13 June 2016}}</ref> +1,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bernath.uwaterloo.ca/media/252.pdf|title=Beryllium: Beryllium(I) Hydride compound data|accessdate=2007-12-10|publisher=bernath.uwaterloo.ca}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name=ZeroValentBeryllium>Be(0) has been observed; see {{cite web |title= Beryllium(0) Complex Found |url= https://www.chemistryviews.org/details/news/9426001/Beryllium0_Complex_Found.html |publisher= [[Chemistry Europe]] |date= 13 June 2016}}</ref> +1,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bernath.uwaterloo.ca/media/252.pdf|title=Beryllium: Beryllium(I) Hydride compound data|accessdate=2007-12-10|publisher=bernath.uwaterloo.ca}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| B={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | B={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−5, −1, 0,<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1126/science.1221138|title=Ambient-Temperature Isolation of a Compound with a Boron-Boron Triple Bond|year=2012|last1=Braunschweig|first1=H.|last2=Dewhurst|first2=R. D. |last3=Hammond|first3=K.|last4=Mies|first4=J.|last5=Radacki|first5=K.|last6=Vargas|first6=A.|journal=Science|volume=336|issue=6087|pages=1420–2|pmid=22700924|bibcode=2012Sci...336.1420B}}</ref> +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}<ref>{{cite journal| url=http://bernath.uwaterloo.ca/media/125.pdf| title=Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of BF and AIF| author1=Zhang, K.Q.| author2=Guo, B.|author3=Braun, V.| author4=Dulick, M.| author5=Bernath, P.F.| journal=J. Molecular Spectroscopy| volume=170| issue=1| year=1995| page=82| doi=10.1006/jmsp.1995.1058|bibcode=1995JMoSp.170...82Z}}</ref><ref>{{cite article|url=https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/binary/KKUKEQ5AXZBNJVU7NJCHZB4UXT2HAGJE/full/1.pdf|author=Melanie Schroeder|title=Eigenschaften von borreichen Boriden und Scandium-Aluminium-Oxid-Carbiden|page=139|language=de}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−5, −1, 0,<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1126/science.1221138|title=Ambient-Temperature Isolation of a Compound with a Boron-Boron Triple Bond|year=2012|last1=Braunschweig|first1=H.|last2=Dewhurst|first2=R. D. |last3=Hammond|first3=K.|last4=Mies|first4=J.|last5=Radacki|first5=K.|last6=Vargas|first6=A.|journal=Science|volume=336|issue=6087|pages=1420–2|pmid=22700924|bibcode=2012Sci...336.1420B}}</ref> +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}<ref>{{cite journal| url=http://bernath.uwaterloo.ca/media/125.pdf| title=Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of BF and AIF| author1=Zhang, K.Q.| author2=Guo, B.|author3=Braun, V.| author4=Dulick, M.| author5=Bernath, P.F.| journal=J. Molecular Spectroscopy| volume=170| issue=1| year=1995| page=82| doi=10.1006/jmsp.1995.1058|bibcode=1995JMoSp.170...82Z}}</ref><ref>{{cite article|url=https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/binary/KKUKEQ5AXZBNJVU7NJCHZB4UXT2HAGJE/full/1.pdf|author=Melanie Schroeder|title=Eigenschaften von borreichen Boriden und Scandium-Aluminium-Oxid-Carbiden|page=139|language=de}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Dòng 30: | Dòng 30: | ||
|main=−4, +4 | |main=−4, +4 | ||
|complete|complete_no_comment|#default= | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default= | ||
| − | {{resize|1=112%|2='''−4'''}}, [[Ethane|−3]], [[Methanol|−2]], [[Carbide|−1]], [[Formaldehyde|0]], +1,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bernath.uwaterloo.ca/media/42.pdf|title=Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of the Electronic Transition of the Jet-Cooled CCI Free Radical|accessdate=2007-12-06}}</ref> +2, +3,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://bernath.uwaterloo.ca/media/36.pdf|title=Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of the System of CP|accessdate=2007-12-06}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.webelements.com/carbon/compounds.html|title=Carbon: Binary compounds|accessdate=2007-12-06}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic | + | {{resize|1=112%|2='''−4'''}}, [[Ethane|−3]], [[Methanol|−2]], [[Carbide|−1]], [[Formaldehyde|0]], +1,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bernath.uwaterloo.ca/media/42.pdf|title=Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of the Electronic Transition of the Jet-Cooled CCI Free Radical|accessdate=2007-12-06}}</ref> +2, +3,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://bernath.uwaterloo.ca/media/36.pdf|title=Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of the System of CP|accessdate=2007-12-06}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.webelements.com/carbon/compounds.html|title=Carbon: Binary compounds|accessdate=2007-12-06}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Dòng 36: | Dòng 36: | ||
|main=−3, +3, +5 | |main=−3, +3, +5 | ||
|complete|complete_no_comment|#default= | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default= | ||
| − | {{resize|1=112%|2='''−3'''}}, −2, −1, +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly acidic | + | {{resize|1=112%|2='''−3'''}}, −2, −1, +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Dòng 47: | Dòng 47: | ||
| F={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | F={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=−1 | |main=−1 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−1'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=oxidizes oxygen | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−1'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=oxidizes oxygen}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Dòng 58: | Dòng 58: | ||
| Na={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Na={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+1 | |main=+1 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Dòng 65: | Dòng 65: | ||
|complete|complete_no_comment|#default= | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default= | ||
+1,<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://bernath.uwaterloo.ca/media/24.pdf| title=The spectrum of magnesium hydride |author=Bernath, P. F. |author2=Black, J. H. |author3=Brault, J. W. |lastauthoramp=yes |bibcode=1985ApJ...298..375B | doi=10.1086/163620 | +1,<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://bernath.uwaterloo.ca/media/24.pdf| title=The spectrum of magnesium hydride |author=Bernath, P. F. |author2=Black, J. H. |author3=Brault, J. W. |lastauthoramp=yes |bibcode=1985ApJ...298..375B | doi=10.1086/163620 | ||
| − | |journal=Astrophysical Journal|volume=298| year=1985| page=375}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic | + | |journal=Astrophysical Journal|volume=298| year=1985| page=375}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Al={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Al={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−2, −1, +1,<ref>{{cite journal| title = Aluminum(I) and Gallium(I) Compounds: Syntheses, Structures, and Reactions|author1=Dohmeier, C. |author2=Loos, D. |author3=Schnöckel, H. | journal = Angewandte Chemie International Edition | year =1996| volume =35|issue=2 | pages =129–149| doi =10.1002/anie.199601291}}</ref> +2,<ref>{{cite journal| author = D. C. Tyte | title = Red (B2Π–A2σ) Band System of Aluminium Monoxide| doi = 10.1038/202383a0 | journal = Nature | volume = 202| issue = 4930 | year = 1964| page = 383 | bibcode=1964Natur.202..383T}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−2, −1, +1,<ref>{{cite journal| title = Aluminum(I) and Gallium(I) Compounds: Syntheses, Structures, and Reactions|author1=Dohmeier, C. |author2=Loos, D. |author3=Schnöckel, H. | journal = Angewandte Chemie International Edition | year =1996| volume =35|issue=2 | pages =129–149| doi =10.1002/anie.199601291}}</ref> +2,<ref>{{cite journal| author = D. C. Tyte | title = Red (B2Π–A2σ) Band System of Aluminium Monoxide| doi = 10.1038/202383a0 | journal = Nature | volume = 202| issue = 4930 | year = 1964| page = 383 | bibcode=1964Natur.202..383T}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Si={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Si={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=−4, +4 | |main=−4, +4 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−4'''}}, −3, −2, −1, 0,<ref name=ZeroValentTin>{{cite web |title=New Type of Zero-Valent Tin Compound |url= https://www.chemistryviews.org/details/news/9745121/New_Type_of_Zero-Valent_Tin_Compound.html |publisher=[[Chemistry Europe]] |date=27 August 2016}}</ref> +1,<ref>{{cite journal|author=Ram, R. S.|title=Fourier Transform Emission Spectroscopy of the A2D–X2P Transition of SiH and SiD|url=http://bernath.uwaterloo.ca/media/184.pdf |journal=J. Mol. Spectr. |volume=190|issue=2|pages=341–352|year=1998|pmid=9668026|display-authors=etal|doi=10.1006/jmsp.1998.7582}}</ref> +2, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−4'''}}, −3, −2, −1, 0,<ref name=ZeroValentTin>{{cite web |title=New Type of Zero-Valent Tin Compound |url= https://www.chemistryviews.org/details/news/9745121/New_Type_of_Zero-Valent_Tin_Compound.html |publisher=[[Chemistry Europe]] |date=27 August 2016}}</ref> +1,<ref>{{cite journal|author=Ram, R. S.|title=Fourier Transform Emission Spectroscopy of the A2D–X2P Transition of SiH and SiD|url=http://bernath.uwaterloo.ca/media/184.pdf |journal=J. Mol. Spectr. |volume=190|issue=2|pages=341–352|year=1998|pmid=9668026|display-authors=etal|doi=10.1006/jmsp.1998.7582}}</ref> +2, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| P ={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | P ={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=−3, +3, +5 | |main=−3, +3, +5 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−3'''}}, −2, −1, 0,<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/ja807828t|title=Carbene-Stabilized Diphosphorus|year=2008|last1=Wang|first1=Yuzhong|last2=Xie|first2=Yaoming|last3=Wei|first3=Pingrong|last4=King|first4=R. Bruce|last5=Schaefer|first5=Iii|last6=Schleyer|first6=Paul v. R.|last7=Robinson|first7=Gregory H.|journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|volume=130|issue=45|pages=14970–1|pmid=18937460}}</ref> +1,<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/ic060186o|pmid=16903744|title=Phosphorus(I) Iodide: A Versatile Metathesis Reagent for the Synthesis of Low Oxidation State Phosphorus Compounds|year=2006|last1=Ellis|first1=Bobby D.|last2=MacDonald|first2=Charles L. B.|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|volume=45|issue=17|pages=6864–74}}</ref> +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−3'''}}, −2, −1, 0,<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/ja807828t|title=Carbene-Stabilized Diphosphorus|year=2008|last1=Wang|first1=Yuzhong|last2=Xie|first2=Yaoming|last3=Wei|first3=Pingrong|last4=King|first4=R. Bruce|last5=Schaefer|first5=Iii|last6=Schleyer|first6=Paul v. R.|last7=Robinson|first7=Gregory H.|journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|volume=130|issue=45|pages=14970–1|pmid=18937460}}</ref> +1,<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/ic060186o|pmid=16903744|title=Phosphorus(I) Iodide: A Versatile Metathesis Reagent for the Synthesis of Low Oxidation State Phosphorus Compounds|year=2006|last1=Ellis|first1=Bobby D.|last2=MacDonald|first2=Charles L. B.|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|volume=45|issue=17|pages=6864–74}}</ref> +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| S={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | S={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=−2, +2, +4, +6 | |main=−2, +2, +4, +6 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−2'''}}, −1, [[Hydrogen thioperoxide|0]], [[Disulfur dichloride|+1]], {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly acidic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−2'''}}, −1, [[Hydrogen thioperoxide|0]], [[Disulfur dichloride|+1]], {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Dòng 91: | Dòng 91: | ||
|main=−1, +1, +3, +5, +7 | |main=−1, +1, +3, +5, +7 | ||
|complete|complete_no_comment|#default= | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default= | ||
| − | {{resize|1=112%|2='''−1'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}}, +6, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+7'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly acidic | + | {{resize|1=112%|2='''−1'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}}, +6, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+7'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Dòng 102: | Dòng 102: | ||
| K={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | K={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+1 | |main=+1 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Ca={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Ca={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+2 | |main=+2 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+1,<ref name="West">{{cite journal|last1=Krieck|first1=Sven|last2=Görls|first2=Helmar|last3=Westerhausen|first3=Matthias|title=Mechanistic Elucidation of the Formation of the Inverse Ca(I) Sandwich Complex [(thf)3Ca(μ-C6H3-1,3,5-Ph3)Ca(thf)3] and Stability of Aryl-Substituted Phenylcalcium Complexes|journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|volume=132|issue=35|pages=12492–12501|year=2010|pmid=20718434|doi=10.1021/ja105534w}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+1,<ref name="West">{{cite journal|last1=Krieck|first1=Sven|last2=Görls|first2=Helmar|last3=Westerhausen|first3=Matthias|title=Mechanistic Elucidation of the Formation of the Inverse Ca(I) Sandwich Complex [(thf)3Ca(μ-C6H3-1,3,5-Ph3)Ca(thf)3] and Stability of Aryl-Substituted Phenylcalcium Complexes|journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|volume=132|issue=35|pages=12492–12501|year=2010|pmid=20718434|doi=10.1021/ja105534w}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Dòng 113: | Dòng 113: | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
|complete|complete_no_comment|#default= | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default= | ||
| − | 0,<ref>{{cite journal |author=F. Geoffrey N. Cloke|author2=Karl Khan|author3=Robin N. Perutz|last-author-amp=yes |date=1991|title=η-Arene complexes of scandium(0) and scandium(II) |journal= J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun.|issue=19|pages=1372–1373|doi= 10.1039/C39910001372}}</ref> +1,<ref name="Smith">{{cite journal|title=Diatomic Hydride and Deuteride Spectra of the Second Row Transition Metals|first=R. E.|last=Smith | journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences|volume=332|pages=113–127|issue=1588|year=1973|doi=10.1098/rspa.1973.0015|bibcode=1973RSPSA.332..113S }}</ref> +2,<ref name="McGuire">{{cite journal|title=Preparation and Properties of Scandium Dihydride|first=Joseph C.|last=McGuire|author2=Kempter, Charles P.|journal=Journal of Chemical Physics|volume=33|issue=5|pages=1584–1585|year=1960|doi=10.1063/1.1731452|bibcode=1960JChPh..33.1584M }}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | 0,<ref>{{cite journal |author=F. Geoffrey N. Cloke|author2=Karl Khan|author3=Robin N. Perutz|last-author-amp=yes |date=1991|title=η-Arene complexes of scandium(0) and scandium(II) |journal= J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun.|issue=19|pages=1372–1373|doi= 10.1039/C39910001372}}</ref> +1,<ref name="Smith">{{cite journal|title=Diatomic Hydride and Deuteride Spectra of the Second Row Transition Metals|first=R. E.|last=Smith | journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences|volume=332|pages=113–127|issue=1588|year=1973|doi=10.1098/rspa.1973.0015|bibcode=1973RSPSA.332..113S }}</ref> +2,<ref name="McGuire">{{cite journal|title=Preparation and Properties of Scandium Dihydride|first=Joseph C.|last=McGuire|author2=Kempter, Charles P.|journal=Journal of Chemical Physics|volume=33|issue=5|pages=1584–1585|year=1960|doi=10.1063/1.1731452|bibcode=1960JChPh..33.1584M }}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Ti={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Ti={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+4 | |main=+4 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−2, −1, 0,<ref>{{cite journal |last1= Jilek |first1= Robert E. |last2= Tripepi |first2= Giovanna |last3= Urnezius |first3= Eugenijus |last4= Brennessel |first4= William W. |last5= Young |first5= Victor G., Jr. |last6= Ellis |first6= John E. |title= Zerovalent titanium–sulfur complexes. Novel dithiocarbamato derivatives of Ti(CO)<sub>6</sub>: [Ti(CO)<sub>4</sub>(S<sub>2</sub>CNR<sub>2</sub>)]<sup>−</sup> |journal= Chem. Commun. |issue= 25 |year= 2007 |pages= 2639–2641 |doi= 10.1039/B700808B |pmid= 17579764}}</ref> +1, +2, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}<ref>{{cite journal|author=Andersson, N.|title=Emission spectra of TiH and TiD near 938 nm|url=http://bernath.uwaterloo.ca/media/257.pdf|journal=J. Chem. Phys.|volume=118|issue=8|year=2003|page=10543|doi=10.1063/1.1539848|bibcode=2003JChPh.118.3543A |display-authors=etal}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−2, −1, 0,<ref>{{cite journal |last1= Jilek |first1= Robert E. |last2= Tripepi |first2= Giovanna |last3= Urnezius |first3= Eugenijus |last4= Brennessel |first4= William W. |last5= Young |first5= Victor G., Jr. |last6= Ellis |first6= John E. |title= Zerovalent titanium–sulfur complexes. Novel dithiocarbamato derivatives of Ti(CO)<sub>6</sub>: [Ti(CO)<sub>4</sub>(S<sub>2</sub>CNR<sub>2</sub>)]<sup>−</sup> |journal= Chem. Commun. |issue= 25 |year= 2007 |pages= 2639–2641 |doi= 10.1039/B700808B |pmid= 17579764}}</ref> +1, +2, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}<ref>{{cite journal|author=Andersson, N.|title=Emission spectra of TiH and TiD near 938 nm|url=http://bernath.uwaterloo.ca/media/257.pdf|journal=J. Chem. Phys.|volume=118|issue=8|year=2003|page=10543|doi=10.1063/1.1539848|bibcode=2003JChPh.118.3543A |display-authors=etal}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| V={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | V={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+5 | |main=+5 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Cr={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Cr={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+2, +3, +6 | |main=+2, +3, +6 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−4, −2, −1, 0, +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, +5, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=depending | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−4, −2, −1, 0, +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, +5, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=depending}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Mn={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Mn={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+2, +4, +7 | |main=+2, +4, +7 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −2, −1, 0, +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, +6, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+7'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=depending | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −2, −1, 0, +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, +6, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+7'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=depending}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Fe={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Fe={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+2, +3, +6 | |main=+2, +3, +6 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−4, −2, −1, 0, +1,<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://bernath.uwaterloo.ca/media/266.pdf|author1=Ram, R. S. |author2=Bernath, P. F. |lastauthoramp=yes | journal=Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy |volume=221| year=2003| page=261|bibcode=2003JMoSp.221..261R |doi=10.1016/S0022-2852(03)00225-X|title=Fourier transform emission spectroscopy of the g<sup>4</sup>Δ-a<sup>4</sup>Δ system of FeCl|issue=2 }}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, +5,<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1002/zaac.19824910109|title=Recent developments in the field of high oxidation states of transition elements in oxides stabilization of Six-coordinated Iron(V)|year=1982|author=Demazeau, G.|journal=Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie|volume=491|pages=60–66|last2=Buffat|first2=B.|last3=Pouchard|first3=M.|last4=Hagenmuller|first4=P.}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}}, +7<ref>{{cite journal|doi= 10.1039/C6CP06753K|pmid=27812577|title=Experimental and theoretical identification of the Fe(VII) oxidation state in FeO4−|year=2016|author=Lu, J.|journal=Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics|volume=18|issue=45|pages=31125–31131|last2=Jian|first2=J.|last3=Huang|first3=W.|last4=Lin|first4=H.|last5=Li|first5=J|last6=Zhou|first6=M.|bibcode=2016PCCP...1831125L}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−4, −2, −1, 0, +1,<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://bernath.uwaterloo.ca/media/266.pdf|author1=Ram, R. S. |author2=Bernath, P. F. |lastauthoramp=yes | journal=Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy |volume=221| year=2003| page=261|bibcode=2003JMoSp.221..261R |doi=10.1016/S0022-2852(03)00225-X|title=Fourier transform emission spectroscopy of the g<sup>4</sup>Δ-a<sup>4</sup>Δ system of FeCl|issue=2 }}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, +5,<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1002/zaac.19824910109|title=Recent developments in the field of high oxidation states of transition elements in oxides stabilization of Six-coordinated Iron(V)|year=1982|author=Demazeau, G.|journal=Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie|volume=491|pages=60–66|last2=Buffat|first2=B.|last3=Pouchard|first3=M.|last4=Hagenmuller|first4=P.}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}}, +7<ref>{{cite journal|doi= 10.1039/C6CP06753K|pmid=27812577|title=Experimental and theoretical identification of the Fe(VII) oxidation state in FeO4−|year=2016|author=Lu, J.|journal=Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics|volume=18|issue=45|pages=31125–31131|last2=Jian|first2=J.|last3=Huang|first3=W.|last4=Lin|first4=H.|last5=Li|first5=J|last6=Zhou|first6=M.|bibcode=2016PCCP...1831125L}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Co={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Co={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+2, +3 | |main=+2, +3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −1, 0, +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, +5<ref name=greenwood>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw2nd|pages=1117–1119}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −1, 0, +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, +5<ref name=greenwood>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw2nd|pages=1117–1119}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Ni={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Ni={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+2 | |main=+2 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−2, −1, 0, +1,<ref>{{cite journal| title=A Dinuclear Nickel(I) Dinitrogen Complex and its Reduction in Single-Electron Steps| journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition| year=2009| volume=48 | issue=18| pages=3357–61| doi=10.1002/anie.200805862| last1=Pfirrmann| first1=Stefan| last2=Limberg| first2=Christian| last3=Herwig| first3=Christian| last4=Stößer| first4=Reinhard| last5=Ziemer| first5=Burkhard| pmid=19322853}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3, +4<ref>{{cite journal| title=A Stable Tetraalkyl Complex of Nickel(IV)| journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition| year=2009| volume=48 | issue=2| pages=290–4| doi=10.1002/anie.200804435| last1=Carnes| first1=Matthew| last2=Buccella| first2=Daniela| last3=Chen| first3=Judy Y.-C.| last4=Ramirez| first4=Arthur P.| last5=Turro| first5=Nicholas J.| last6=Nuckolls| first6=Colin| last7=Steigerwald| first7=Michael| pmid=19021174}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−2, −1, 0, +1,<ref>{{cite journal| title=A Dinuclear Nickel(I) Dinitrogen Complex and its Reduction in Single-Electron Steps| journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition| year=2009| volume=48 | issue=18| pages=3357–61| doi=10.1002/anie.200805862| last1=Pfirrmann| first1=Stefan| last2=Limberg| first2=Christian| last3=Herwig| first3=Christian| last4=Stößer| first4=Reinhard| last5=Ziemer| first5=Burkhard| pmid=19322853}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3, +4<ref>{{cite journal| title=A Stable Tetraalkyl Complex of Nickel(IV)| journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition| year=2009| volume=48 | issue=2| pages=290–4| doi=10.1002/anie.200804435| last1=Carnes| first1=Matthew| last2=Buccella| first2=Daniela| last3=Chen| first3=Judy Y.-C.| last4=Ramirez| first4=Arthur P.| last5=Turro| first5=Nicholas J.| last6=Nuckolls| first6=Colin| last7=Steigerwald| first7=Michael| pmid=19021174}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Cu={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Cu={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+2 | |main=+2 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−2, 0,<ref>{{cite journal|first1=Marc-Etienne|last1=Moret|first2=Limei|last2=Zhang|first3=Jonas C.|last3=Peters|title=A Polar Copper–Boron One-Electron σ-Bond|journal=J. Am. Chem. Soc|year=2013|volume=135|issue=10|pages=3792–3795|doi=10.1021/ja4006578|pmid=23418750}}</ref> +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3, +4 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−2, 0,<ref>{{cite journal|first1=Marc-Etienne|last1=Moret|first2=Limei|last2=Zhang|first3=Jonas C.|last3=Peters|title=A Polar Copper–Boron One-Electron σ-Bond|journal=J. Am. Chem. Soc|year=2013|volume=135|issue=10|pages=3792–3795|doi=10.1021/ja4006578|pmid=23418750}}</ref> +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3, +4 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Zn={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Zn={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+2 | |main=+2 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−2, 0, +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−2, 0, +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Ga={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Ga={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−5, −4, −3,<ref>Ga(−3) has been observed in LaGa, see {{cite journal|lang=de|first1=Ines|last1=Dürr|first2=Britta|last2=Bauer|first3=Caroline|last3=Röhr|title=Lanthan-Triel/Tetrel-ide La(Al,Ga)<sub>''x''</sub>(Si,Ge)<sub>1-''x''</sub>. Experimentelle und theoretische Studien zur Stabilität intermetallischer 1:1-Phasen|journal=Z. Naturforsch.|year=2011|volume=66b|pages=1107–1121|url=http://www.znaturforsch.com/s66b/s66b1107.pdf}}</ref> −2, −1, +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.uni-kassel.de/upress/online/frei/978-3-7281-2597-2.volltext.frei.pdf|author=Hofmann, Patrick |title=Colture. Ein Programm zur interaktiven Visualisierung von Festkörperstrukturen sowie Synthese, Struktur und Eigenschaften von binären und ternären Alkali- und Erdalkalimetallgalliden|page=72|language=de|date=1997|publisher=PhD Thesis, ETH Zurich|doi=10.3929/ethz-a-001859893|isbn=978-3728125972}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−5, −4, −3,<ref>Ga(−3) has been observed in LaGa, see {{cite journal|lang=de|first1=Ines|last1=Dürr|first2=Britta|last2=Bauer|first3=Caroline|last3=Röhr|title=Lanthan-Triel/Tetrel-ide La(Al,Ga)<sub>''x''</sub>(Si,Ge)<sub>1-''x''</sub>. Experimentelle und theoretische Studien zur Stabilität intermetallischer 1:1-Phasen|journal=Z. Naturforsch.|year=2011|volume=66b|pages=1107–1121|url=http://www.znaturforsch.com/s66b/s66b1107.pdf}}</ref> −2, −1, +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.uni-kassel.de/upress/online/frei/978-3-7281-2597-2.volltext.frei.pdf|author=Hofmann, Patrick |title=Colture. Ein Programm zur interaktiven Visualisierung von Festkörperstrukturen sowie Synthese, Struktur und Eigenschaften von binären und ternären Alkali- und Erdalkalimetallgalliden|page=72|language=de|date=1997|publisher=PhD Thesis, ETH Zurich|doi=10.3929/ethz-a-001859893|isbn=978-3728125972}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Ge={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Ge={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=−4, +2, +4 | |main=−4, +2, +4 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−4'''}} −3, −2, −1, 0,<ref name=ZeroValentTin2>{{cite web |title=New Type of Zero-Valent Tin Compound |url= https://www.chemistryviews.org/details/news/9745121/New_Type_of_Zero-Valent_Tin_Compound.html |publisher=[[Chemistry Europe]] |date=27 August 2016}}</ref> +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−4'''}} −3, −2, −1, 0,<ref name=ZeroValentTin2>{{cite web |title=New Type of Zero-Valent Tin Compound |url= https://www.chemistryviews.org/details/news/9745121/New_Type_of_Zero-Valent_Tin_Compound.html |publisher=[[Chemistry Europe]] |date=27 August 2016}}</ref> +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Dòng 174: | Dòng 174: | ||
|main=−3, +3, +5 | |main=−3, +3, +5 | ||
|complete|complete_no_comment|#default= | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default= | ||
| − | {{resize|1=112%|2='''−3'''}}, −2, −1, 0,<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1002/chem.200902840|title=Carbene Stabilization of Diarsenic: From Hypervalency to Allotropy|year=2010|last1=Abraham|first1=Mariham Y.|last2=Wang|first2=Yuzhong|last3=Xie|first3=Yaoming|last4=Wei|first4=Pingrong|last5=Shaefer III|first5=Henry F.|last6=Schleyer|first6=P. von R.|last7=Robinson|first7=Gregory H.|journal=Chemistry: a European Journal|volume=16|issue=2|pages=432–5}}</ref> +1,<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/ic049281s|pmid=15360247|title=Stabilized Arsenic(I) Iodide: A Ready Source of Arsenic Iodide Fragments and a Useful Reagent for the Generation of Clusters|year=2004|last1=Ellis|first1=Bobby D.|last2=MacDonald|first2=Charles L. B.|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|volume=43|issue=19|pages=5981–6}}</ref> +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic | + | {{resize|1=112%|2='''−3'''}}, −2, −1, 0,<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1002/chem.200902840|title=Carbene Stabilization of Diarsenic: From Hypervalency to Allotropy|year=2010|last1=Abraham|first1=Mariham Y.|last2=Wang|first2=Yuzhong|last3=Xie|first3=Yaoming|last4=Wei|first4=Pingrong|last5=Shaefer III|first5=Henry F.|last6=Schleyer|first6=P. von R.|last7=Robinson|first7=Gregory H.|journal=Chemistry: a European Journal|volume=16|issue=2|pages=432–5}}</ref> +1,<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/ic049281s|pmid=15360247|title=Stabilized Arsenic(I) Iodide: A Ready Source of Arsenic Iodide Fragments and a Useful Reagent for the Generation of Clusters|year=2004|last1=Ellis|first1=Bobby D.|last2=MacDonald|first2=Charles L. B.|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|volume=43|issue=19|pages=5981–6}}</ref> +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Se={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Se={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=−2, +2, +4, +6 | |main=−2, +2, +4, +6 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−2'''}}, −1, +1,<ref>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly acidic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−2'''}}, −1, +1,<ref>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Br={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Br={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=−1, +1, +3, +5 | |main=−1, +1, +3, +5 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−1'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}}, +7 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly acidic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−1'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}}, +7 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Kr={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Kr={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=0 | |main=0 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default='''0''', +1, +2 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=rarely non-0, unk oxide | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default='''0''', +1, +2 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=rarely non-0, unk oxide}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Dòng 195: | Dòng 195: | ||
| Rb={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Rb={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+1 | |main=+1 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Sr={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Sr={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+2 | |main=+2 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+1,<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://bernath.uwaterloo.ca/media/149.pdf|title=High-Resolution Infrared Emission Spectrum of Strontium Monofluoride|journal=J. Molecular Spectroscopy| volume=175|issue=1|page=158|year=1996|doi=10.1006/jmsp.1996.0019|bibcode=1996JMoSp.175..158C|last1=Colarusso|first1=P.|last2=Guo|first2=B.|last3=Zhang|first3=K.-Q.|last4=Bernath|first4=P. F. }}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+1,<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://bernath.uwaterloo.ca/media/149.pdf|title=High-Resolution Infrared Emission Spectrum of Strontium Monofluoride|journal=J. Molecular Spectroscopy| volume=175|issue=1|page=158|year=1996|doi=10.1006/jmsp.1996.0019|bibcode=1996JMoSp.175..158C|last1=Colarusso|first1=P.|last2=Guo|first2=B.|last3=Zhang|first3=K.-Q.|last4=Bernath|first4=P. F. }}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Y={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Y={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=weakly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=weakly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Zr={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Zr={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+4 | |main=+4 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−2, +1,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://openmopac.net/data_normal/zirconium(i)%20fluoride_jmol.html|title=Zirconium: zirconium(I) fluoride compound data|accessdate=2007-12-10|publisher=OpenMOPAC.net}}</ref> +2, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−2, +1,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://openmopac.net/data_normal/zirconium(i)%20fluoride_jmol.html|title=Zirconium: zirconium(I) fluoride compound data|accessdate=2007-12-10|publisher=OpenMOPAC.net}}</ref> +2, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Nb={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Nb={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+5 | |main=+5 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −1, +1, +2, +3, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −1, +1, +2, +3, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Mo={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Mo={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+4, +6 | |main=+4, +6 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−4, −2, −1, 0, +1,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://openmopac.net/data_normal/molybdenum(i)%20fluoride_jmol.html|title=Molybdenum: molybdenum(I) fluoride compound data|accessdate=2007-12-10|publisher=OpenMOPAC.net}}</ref> +2, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly acidic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−4, −2, −1, 0, +1,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://openmopac.net/data_normal/molybdenum(i)%20fluoride_jmol.html|title=Molybdenum: molybdenum(I) fluoride compound data|accessdate=2007-12-10|publisher=OpenMOPAC.net}}</ref> +2, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Tc={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Tc={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+4, +7 | |main=+4, +7 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −1, 0, +1,<ref name="OpenMOPAC"/> +2, +3,<ref name="OpenMOPAC">{{cite web|url=http://openmopac.net/data_normal/technetium(iii)%20triiodide_jmol.html|title=Technetium: technetium(III) iodide compound data|accessdate=2007-12-10|publisher=OpenMOPAC.net}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, +6, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+7'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly acidic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −1, 0, +1,<ref name="OpenMOPAC"/> +2, +3,<ref name="OpenMOPAC">{{cite web|url=http://openmopac.net/data_normal/technetium(iii)%20triiodide_jmol.html|title=Technetium: technetium(III) iodide compound data|accessdate=2007-12-10|publisher=OpenMOPAC.net}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, +6, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+7'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Ru={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Ru={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3, +4 | |main=+3, +4 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−4, −2, 0, +1,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://openmopac.net/data_normal/ruthenium(i)%20fluoride_jmol.html|title=Ruthenium: ruthenium(I) fluoride compound data|accessdate=2007-12-10|publisher=OpenMOPAC.net}}</ref> +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, +6, +7, +8 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−4, −2, 0, +1,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://openmopac.net/data_normal/ruthenium(i)%20fluoride_jmol.html|title=Ruthenium: ruthenium(I) fluoride compound data|accessdate=2007-12-10|publisher=OpenMOPAC.net}}</ref> +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, +6, +7, +8 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Rh={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Rh={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −1, 0, +1,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://openmopac.net/data_normal/rhfr_jmol.html|title=Rhodium: rhodium(I) fluoride compound data|accessdate=2007-12-10|publisher=OpenMOPAC.net}}</ref> +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, +5, +6 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −1, 0, +1,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://openmopac.net/data_normal/rhfr_jmol.html|title=Rhodium: rhodium(I) fluoride compound data|accessdate=2007-12-10|publisher=OpenMOPAC.net}}</ref> +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, +5, +6 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Pd={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Pd={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=0, +2, +4 | |main=0, +2, +4 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''0'''}}, +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''0'''}}, +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Ag={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Ag={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+1 | |main=+1 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−2, −1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}, +2, +3 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−2, −1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}, +2, +3 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Cd={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Cd={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+2 | |main=+2 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−2, +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−2, +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| In={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | In={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−5, −2, −1, +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/ic951378e|title=Synthesis, Structure, and Bonding of Two Lanthanum Indium Germanides with Novel Structures and Properties|year=1996|last1=Guloy|first1=A. M.|last2=Corbett|first2=J. D.|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|volume=35|issue=9|pages=2616–22}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−5, −2, −1, +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/ic951378e|title=Synthesis, Structure, and Bonding of Two Lanthanum Indium Germanides with Novel Structures and Properties|year=1996|last1=Guloy|first1=A. M.|last2=Corbett|first2=J. D.|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|volume=35|issue=9|pages=2616–22}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Sn={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Sn={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=−4, +2, +4 | |main=−4, +2, +4 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−4'''}}, −3, −2, −1, 0,<ref name=ZeroValentTin3>{{cite web |title=New Type of Zero-Valent Tin Compound |url= https://www.chemistryviews.org/details/news/9745121/New_Type_of_Zero-Valent_Tin_Compound.html |publisher=[[Chemistry Europe]] |date=27 August 2016}}</ref> +1,<ref>{{cite web|title=HSn|url=http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C13940255&Units=SI|work=NIST Chemistry WebBook|publisher=National Institute of Standards and Technology|accessdate=23 January 2013}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3,<ref>{{cite web|title=SnH3|url=http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=B1001467&Units=SI|work=NIST Chemistry WebBook|publisher=National Institure of Standards and Technology|accessdate=23 January 2013}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−4'''}}, −3, −2, −1, 0,<ref name=ZeroValentTin3>{{cite web |title=New Type of Zero-Valent Tin Compound |url= https://www.chemistryviews.org/details/news/9745121/New_Type_of_Zero-Valent_Tin_Compound.html |publisher=[[Chemistry Europe]] |date=27 August 2016}}</ref> +1,<ref>{{cite web|title=HSn|url=http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C13940255&Units=SI|work=NIST Chemistry WebBook|publisher=National Institute of Standards and Technology|accessdate=23 January 2013}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3,<ref>{{cite web|title=SnH3|url=http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=B1001467&Units=SI|work=NIST Chemistry WebBook|publisher=National Institure of Standards and Technology|accessdate=23 January 2013}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Dòng 266: | Dòng 266: | ||
|main=−3, +3, +5 | |main=−3, +3, +5 | ||
|complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−3'''}}, −2, −1, 0,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8817/39f9dfc007d7f77dd7baa63fe12e6079f8ef.pdf|author=Anastas Sidiropoulos|title=Studies of N-heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Complexes of the Main Group Elements|page=39}} | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−3'''}}, −2, −1, 0,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8817/39f9dfc007d7f77dd7baa63fe12e6079f8ef.pdf|author=Anastas Sidiropoulos|title=Studies of N-heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Complexes of the Main Group Elements|page=39}} | ||
| − | </ref> +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | </ref> +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Te={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Te={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=−2, +2, +4, +6 | |main=−2, +2, +4, +6 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−2'''}}, −1, +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−2'''}}, −1, +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| I={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | I={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=−1, +1, +3, +5, +7 | |main=−1, +1, +3, +5, +7 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−1'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}}, +6, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+7'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly acidic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''−1'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}}, +6, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+7'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Xe={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Xe={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=0 | |main=0 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=[[tetraxenonogold(II)|{{resize|1=112%|2='''0'''}}]], +1, +2, +4, +6, +8 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=rarely non-0, weakly acidic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=[[tetraxenonogold(II)|{{resize|1=112%|2='''0'''}}]], +1, +2, +4, +6, +8 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=rarely non-0, weakly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Dòng 287: | Dòng 287: | ||
| Cs={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Cs={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+1 | |main=+1 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}<ref name=caeside>{{cite journal|journal = [[Angewandte Chemie|Angewandte Chemie International Edition]]|year = 1979|first = J. L.|last = Dye|title = Compounds of Alkali Metal Anions|volume = 18|issue = 8|pages = 587–598|doi = 10.1002/anie.197905871}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}<ref name=caeside>{{cite journal|journal = [[Angewandte Chemie|Angewandte Chemie International Edition]]|year = 1979|first = J. L.|last = Dye|title = Compounds of Alkali Metal Anions|volume = 18|issue = 8|pages = 587–598|doi = 10.1002/anie.197905871}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Ba={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Ba={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+2 | |main=+2 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| La={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | La={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Ce={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Ce={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3, +4 | |main=+3, +4 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Pr={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Pr={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +1,<ref>{{cite journal|title=Lanthanides with Unusually Low Oxidation States in the PrB<sup>3–</sup> and PrB<sup>4–</sup> Boride Clusters|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|volume=58|issue=1|pages=411–418|last1=Chen|first1=Xin|display-authors=etal|date=2019-12-13|doi=10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02572|pmid=30543295}}</ref> +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, +5 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +1,<ref>{{cite journal|title=Lanthanides with Unusually Low Oxidation States in the PrB<sup>3–</sup> and PrB<sup>4–</sup> Boride Clusters|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|volume=58|issue=1|pages=411–418|last1=Chen|first1=Xin|display-authors=etal|date=2019-12-13|doi=10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02572|pmid=30543295}}</ref> +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, +5 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Nd={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Nd={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Pm={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Pm={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Sm={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Sm={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Eu={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Eu={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+2, +3 | |main=+2, +3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Gd={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Gd={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Tb={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Tb={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=weakly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=weakly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Dy={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Dy={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=weakly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=weakly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Ho={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Ho={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Er={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Er={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Tm={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Tm={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Yb={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Yb={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Lu={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Lu={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=weakly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0,<ref name="Cloke1993">Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see {{cite journal |journal=Chem. Soc. Rev. |date=1993 |volume=22 |pages=17–24 |first=F. Geoffrey N. |last=Cloke |title=Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides |doi=10.1039/CS9932200017 }}</ref> +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=weakly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Hf={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Hf={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+4 | |main=+4 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−2, +1, +2, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−2, +1, +2, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Ta={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Ta={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+5 | |main=+5 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −1, +1, +2, +3, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −1, +1, +2, +3, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| W={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | W={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+4, +6 | |main=+4, +6 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−4, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−4, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Re={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Re={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+4 | |main=+4 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, +6, +7 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, +6, +7 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Os={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Os={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+4 | |main=+4 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−4, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, +6, +7, +8 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−4, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, +6, +7, +8 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Dòng 402: | Dòng 402: | ||
| Pt={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Pt={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+2, +4 | |main=+2, +4 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −2, −1, 0, +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, +6 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −2, −1, 0, +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, +6 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Au={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Au={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+1, +3 | |main=+1, +3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −2, [[Caesium auride|−1]], 0,<ref>{{cite journal |doi= 10.1002/(SICI)1521-3773(19991102)38:21<3194::AID-ANIE3194>3.0.CO;2-O |title= Gold(I) and Gold(0) Complexes of Phosphinine‐Based Macrocycles|first1=Nicolas |last1= Mézaille |first2=Narcis |last2=Avarvari |first3=Nicole |last3=Maigrot|first4=Louis |last4=Ricard|first5=François |last5=Mathey|first6=Pascal |last6=Le Floch|first7=Laurent|last7=Cataldo|first8=Théo|last8=Berclaz|first9=Michel|last9=Geoffroy|journal= Angewandte Chemie International Edition|year= 1999 |issue= 21|pages= 3194–3197}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, [[Gold pentafluoride|+5]] {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −2, [[Caesium auride|−1]], 0,<ref>{{cite journal |doi= 10.1002/(SICI)1521-3773(19991102)38:21<3194::AID-ANIE3194>3.0.CO;2-O |title= Gold(I) and Gold(0) Complexes of Phosphinine‐Based Macrocycles|first1=Nicolas |last1= Mézaille |first2=Narcis |last2=Avarvari |first3=Nicole |last3=Maigrot|first4=Louis |last4=Ricard|first5=François |last5=Mathey|first6=Pascal |last6=Le Floch|first7=Laurent|last7=Cataldo|first8=Théo|last8=Berclaz|first9=Michel|last9=Geoffroy|journal= Angewandte Chemie International Edition|year= 1999 |issue= 21|pages= 3194–3197}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, [[Gold pentafluoride|+5]] {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Hg={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Hg={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+2 | |main=+2 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−2 , +1 (mercurous), {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}} (mercuric){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−2 , +1 (mercurous), {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}} (mercuric){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Tl={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Tl={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+1, +3 | |main=+1, +3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−5,<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/ic960014z|title=Na<sub>23</sub>K<sub>9</sub>Tl<sub>15.3</sub>: An Unusual Zintl Compound Containing Apparent Tl<sub>5</sub><sup>7−</sup>, Tl<sub>4</sub><sup>8−</sup>, Tl<sub>3</sub><sup>7−</sup>, and Tl<sup>5−</sup> Anions|year=1996|last1=Dong|first1=Z.-C.|last2=Corbett|first2=J. D.|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|volume=35|issue=11|pages=3107–12}}</ref><!-- is about a Tl 7- then? --> −2, −1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−5,<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/ic960014z|title=Na<sub>23</sub>K<sub>9</sub>Tl<sub>15.3</sub>: An Unusual Zintl Compound Containing Apparent Tl<sub>5</sub><sup>7−</sup>, Tl<sub>4</sub><sup>8−</sup>, Tl<sub>3</sub><sup>7−</sup>, and Tl<sup>5−</sup> Anions|year=1996|last1=Dong|first1=Z.-C.|last2=Corbett|first2=J. D.|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|volume=35|issue=11|pages=3107–12}}</ref><!-- is about a Tl 7- then? --> −2, −1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Pb={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Pb={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+2, +4 | |main=+2, +4 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−4, −2, −1, +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−4, −2, −1, +1, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Bi={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Bi={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −2, −1, +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, +5 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=−3, −2, −1, +1, +2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, +5 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=mildly acidic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Po={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Po={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=−2, +2, +4 | |main=−2, +2, +4 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default='''[[Polonide|−2]]''', {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5,<ref name="Thayer p78">{{cite journal |last1=Thayer |first1=John S. |journal=Relativistic Methods for Chemists |title=Relativistic Effects and the Chemistry of the Heavier Main Group Elements |year=2010 |page=78 |doi=10.1007/978-1-4020-9975-5_2|isbn=978-1-4020-9974-8 }}</ref> +6 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default='''[[Polonide|−2]]''', {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5,<ref name="Thayer p78">{{cite journal |last1=Thayer |first1=John S. |journal=Relativistic Methods for Chemists |title=Relativistic Effects and the Chemistry of the Heavier Main Group Elements |year=2010 |page=78 |doi=10.1007/978-1-4020-9975-5_2|isbn=978-1-4020-9974-8 }}</ref> +6 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Dòng 448: | Dòng 448: | ||
| Fr={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Fr={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+1 | |main=+1 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Ra={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Ra={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+2 | |main=+2 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic expected | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic expected}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Ac={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Ac={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=strongly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Th={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Th={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+4 | |main=+4 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+1, +2, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=weakly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+1, +2, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=weakly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Pa={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Pa={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+5 | |main=+5 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+2, +3, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=weakly basic | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+2, +3, +4, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=weakly basic}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| U={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | U={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+6 | |main=+6 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+1, +2, +3,<ref>{{cite book|title=The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements|edition=3rd|editor1=Morss, L.R. |editor2=Edelstein, N.M. |editor3=Fuger, J. |place=Netherlands|publisher=Springer|year=2006|isbn=978-9048131464}}</ref> +4, +5, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+1, +2, +3,<ref>{{cite book|title=The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements|edition=3rd|editor1=Morss, L.R. |editor2=Edelstein, N.M. |editor3=Fuger, J. |place=Netherlands|publisher=Springer|year=2006|isbn=978-9048131464}}</ref> +4, +5, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}} {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Np={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Np={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+5 | |main=+5 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+2, +3, +4,<ref name="Dutkiewicz2017">Np(II), (III) and (IV) have been observed, see {{cite journal|doi=10.1039/C7SC00034K|pmid=28553487|pmc=5431675|year=2017|title=Reduction chemistry of neptunium cyclopentadienide complexes: from structure to understanding|first1=Michał S.|last1=Dutkiewicz|first2=Christos|last2=Apostolidis|first3=Olaf|last3=Walter|first4=Polly L|last4=Arnold|volume=8|issue=4|journal=Chem. Sci.|pages=2553–2561}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}}, +6, +7 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+2, +3, +4,<ref name="Dutkiewicz2017">Np(II), (III) and (IV) have been observed, see {{cite journal|doi=10.1039/C7SC00034K|pmid=28553487|pmc=5431675|year=2017|title=Reduction chemistry of neptunium cyclopentadienide complexes: from structure to understanding|first1=Michał S.|last1=Dutkiewicz|first2=Christos|last2=Apostolidis|first3=Olaf|last3=Walter|first4=Polly L|last4=Arnold|volume=8|issue=4|journal=Chem. Sci.|pages=2553–2561}}</ref> {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}}, +6, +7 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Pu={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Pu={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+4 | |main=+4 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+2, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, +6, +7 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+2, +3, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}, +5, +6, +7 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Am={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Am={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, +5, +6, +7 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=+2, {{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, +5, +6, +7 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Cm={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Cm={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+3 | |main=+3 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, +5,<ref name="Kovács2018">{{cite journal |last1=Kovács |first1=Attila |last2=Dau |first2=Phuong D. |last3=Marçalo |first3=Joaquim |last4=Gibson |first4=John K. |date=2018 |title=Pentavalent Curium, Berkelium, and Californium in Nitrate Complexes: Extending Actinide Chemistry and Oxidation States |journal=Inorg. Chem. |volume=57 |issue=15 |pages=9453–9467 |publisher=American Chemical Society |doi=10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01450 |pmid=30040397 }}</ref> +6<ref name="CmO3">{{cite journal |last1=Domanov |first1=V. P. |last2=Lobanov |first2=Yu. V. |date=October 2011 |title=Formation of volatile curium(VI) trioxide CmO<sub>3</sub> |journal=Radiochemistry |volume=53 |issue=5 |pages=453–6 |publisher=SP MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica |doi=10.1134/S1066362211050018}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default={{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}, +4, +5,<ref name="Kovács2018">{{cite journal |last1=Kovács |first1=Attila |last2=Dau |first2=Phuong D. |last3=Marçalo |first3=Joaquim |last4=Gibson |first4=John K. |date=2018 |title=Pentavalent Curium, Berkelium, and Californium in Nitrate Complexes: Extending Actinide Chemistry and Oxidation States |journal=Inorg. Chem. |volume=57 |issue=15 |pages=9453–9467 |publisher=American Chemical Society |doi=10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01450 |pmid=30040397 }}</ref> +6<ref name="CmO3">{{cite journal |last1=Domanov |first1=V. P. |last2=Lobanov |first2=Yu. V. |date=October 2011 |title=Formation of volatile curium(VI) trioxide CmO<sub>3</sub> |journal=Radiochemistry |volume=53 |issue=5 |pages=453–6 |publisher=SP MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica |doi=10.1134/S1066362211050018}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=amphoteric}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Dòng 532: | Dòng 532: | ||
| Rf={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Rf={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
| − | |main=(+3), +4 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=parenthesized | + | |main=(+3), +4 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=parenthesized}}}} |
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(+2), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}), {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}<ref name="rsc-Rf">{{cite web|url=http://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/104/rutherfordium |title=Rutherfordium |publisher=Royal Chemical Society |accessdate=2019-09-21}}</ref><ref name=Haire/><ref name=BFricke/> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=parenthesized | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(+2), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}), {{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}<ref name="rsc-Rf">{{cite web|url=http://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/104/rutherfordium |title=Rutherfordium |publisher=Royal Chemical Society |accessdate=2019-09-21}}</ref><ref name=Haire/><ref name=BFricke/> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=parenthesized}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Db={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Db={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=+5 | |main=+5 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(+3), (+4), {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}}<ref name=Haire/><ref name=BFricke/> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=parenthesized | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(+3), (+4), {{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}}<ref name=Haire/><ref name=BFricke/> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=parenthesized}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Sg={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Sg={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
| − | |main=(+4), +6 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=parenthesized | + | |main=(+4), +6 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=parenthesized}}}} |
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0, (+3), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}), (+5), {{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}}<ref name=Haire/><ref name=BFricke/> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=parenthesized | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=0, (+3), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}), (+5), {{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}}<ref name=Haire/><ref name=BFricke/> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=parenthesized}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Bh={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Bh={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
| − | |main=(+3), (+4), (+5), +7 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=parenthesized | + | |main=(+3), (+4), (+5), +7 {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=parenthesized}}}} |
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=({{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}}), {{resize|1=112%|2='''+7'''}}<ref name=Haire/><ref name=BFricke/> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=parenthesized | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=({{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+5'''}}), {{resize|1=112%|2='''+7'''}}<ref name=Haire/><ref name=BFricke/> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=parenthesized}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Hs={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Hs={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
| − | |main=(+3), (+4) {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=parenthesized | + | |main=(+3), (+4) {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=parenthesized}}}} |
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(+2), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}), (+6), {{resize|1=112%|2='''+8'''}}{{sfn|Hoffman|2006|p=1691}}<ref name=BFricke>{{cite book |last1=Fricke |first1=B. |year=1975 |title=Recent Impact of Physics on Inorganic Chemistry |chapter=Superheavy elements: a prediction of their chemical and physical properties |editor-last=Tofield |editor-first=B. C. |editor-last2=Fricke |editor-first2=B. |volume=21 |page=116 |doi=10.1007/BFb0116498 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225672062 |accessdate=4 October 2013|series=Structure and Bonding |isbn=978-3-540-07109-9 }}</ref><ref name="hassocene">{{cite conference|url=http://www-win.gsi.de/tasca08/contributions/TASCA08_Cont_Duellmann1.pdf |title=Investigation of group 8 metallocenes @ TASCA |last1=Düllmann |first1=C. E. |date=2008 |conference=7th Workshop on Recoil Separator for Superheavy Element Chemistry TASCA 08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140430000106/https://www-win.gsi.de/tasca08/contributions/TASCA08_Cont_Duellmann1.pdf |access-date=28 August 2020|archive-date=30 April 2014}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=parenthesized | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(+2), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}), (+6), {{resize|1=112%|2='''+8'''}}{{sfn|Hoffman|2006|p=1691}}<ref name=BFricke>{{cite book |last1=Fricke |first1=B. |year=1975 |title=Recent Impact of Physics on Inorganic Chemistry |chapter=Superheavy elements: a prediction of their chemical and physical properties |editor-last=Tofield |editor-first=B. C. |editor-last2=Fricke |editor-first2=B. |volume=21 |page=116 |doi=10.1007/BFb0116498 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225672062 |accessdate=4 October 2013|series=Structure and Bonding |isbn=978-3-540-07109-9 }}</ref><ref name="hassocene">{{cite conference|url=http://www-win.gsi.de/tasca08/contributions/TASCA08_Cont_Duellmann1.pdf |title=Investigation of group 8 metallocenes @ TASCA |last1=Düllmann |first1=C. E. |date=2008 |conference=7th Workshop on Recoil Separator for Superheavy Element Chemistry TASCA 08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140430000106/https://www-win.gsi.de/tasca08/contributions/TASCA08_Cont_Duellmann1.pdf |access-date=28 August 2020|archive-date=30 April 2014}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=parenthesized}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
| Mt={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Mt={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
| − | |main=(+1), (+3), (+6){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |main=(+1), (+3), (+6){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}} |
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=({{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}), (+4), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}}), (+8), (+9){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=({{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}), (+4), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}}), (+8), (+9){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}}<ref name=Haire>{{cite book| title=The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements| editor1-last=Morss| editor2-first=Norman M.| editor2-last=Edelstein| editor3-last=Fuger| editor3-first=Jean| last1=Hoffman| first1=Darleane C.| last2=Lee| first2=Diana M.| last3=Pershina| first3=Valeria| chapter=Transactinides and the future elements| publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]| year=2006| isbn=978-1-4020-3555-5| location=Dordrecht, The Netherlands| edition=3rd| ref=CITEREFHaire2006}}</ref><ref name="MtX4">{{cite journal|doi=10.1023/B:RUCO.0000026006.39497.82|title=Halides of Tetravalent Transactinides (Rf, Db, Sg, Bh, Hs, Mt, 110th Element): Physicochemical Properties|year=2004|last1=Ionova|first1=G. V.|last2=Ionova|first2=I. S.|last3=Mikhalko|first3=V. K.|last4=Gerasimova|first4=G. A.|last5=Kostrubov|first5=Yu. N.|last6=Suraeva|first6=N. I.|journal=Russian Journal of Coordination Chemistry|volume=30|issue=5|pages=352}}</ref><ref name="Mt(IX)">{{cite journal|doi=10.1002/cphc.200900910|title=How Far Can We Go? Quantum-Chemical Investigations of Oxidation State +IX|year=2010|last1=Himmel|first1=Daniel|last2=Knapp|first2=Carsten|last3=Patzschke|first3=Michael|last4=Riedel|first4=Sebastian|journal=ChemPhysChem|volume=11|issue=4|pages=865–9|pmid=20127784}}</ref><ref name=BFricke/> |
}} | }} | ||
| Ds={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Ds={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
| − | |main=(0), (+2), (+8){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |main=(0), (+2), (+8){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}} |
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=('''0'''), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}), (+4), (+6), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+8'''}}){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=('''0'''), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}), (+4), (+6), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+8'''}}){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}}<ref name=Haire/><ref name=BFricke/> |
}} | }} | ||
| Rg={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Rg={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
| − | |main=(+3){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |main=(+3){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}} |
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(−1), (+1), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}), (+5), (+7){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(−1), (+1), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}), (+5), (+7){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}}<ref name=Haire>{{cite book| title=The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements| editor1-last=Morss| editor2-first=Norman M.| editor2-last=Edelstein| editor3-last=Fuger| editor3-first=Jean| last1=Hoffman| first1=Darleane C.| last2=Lee| first2=Diana M.| last3=Pershina| first3=Valeria| chapter=Transactinides and the future elements| publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]| year=2006| isbn=978-1-4020-3555-5| location=Dordrecht, The Netherlands| edition=3rd| ref=CITEREFHaire2006}}</ref><ref name=BFricke/><ref name=hepta>{{cite journal |last1=Conradie |first1=Jeanet |last2=Ghosh |first2=Abhik |date=15 June 2019 |title=Theoretical Search for the Highest Valence States of the Coinage Metals: Roentgenium Heptafluoride May Exist |journal=Inorganic Chemistry |volume=2019 |issue=58 |pages=8735–8738 |doi=10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01139}}</ref> |
}} | }} | ||
| Cn={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Cn={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
|main=0, +2 | |main=0, +2 | ||
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default='''0''', (+1), {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, (+4){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=parenthesized | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default='''0''', (+1), {{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}, (+4){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=parenthesized}}}}<ref name=Haire>{{cite book| title=The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements| editor1-last=Morss| editor2-first=Norman M.| editor2-last=Edelstein| editor3-last=Fuger| editor3-first=Jean| last1=Hoffman| first1=Darleane C.| last2=Lee| first2=Diana M.| last3=Pershina| first3=Valeria| chapter=Transactinides and the future elements| publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]| year=2006| isbn=978-1-4020-3555-5| location=Dordrecht, The Netherlands| edition=3rd| ref=CITEREFHaire2006}}</ref><ref name="superheavy chemistry">{{Cite book|first1=Heinz W.|last1=Gäggeler|first2=Andreas|last2=Türler|title=The Chemistry of Superheavy Elements|chapter=Gas Phase Chemistry of Superheavy Elements|year=2013|pages=415–483|publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]|chapter-url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-37466-1_8|accessdate=2018-04-21|doi=10.1007/978-3-642-37466-1_8}}</ref><ref name=BFricke/> |
}} | }} | ||
| Nh={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Nh={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
| − | |main=(+1), (+3){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |main=(+1), (+3){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}} |
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(−1), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}), (+5){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(−1), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}), (+5){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}}<ref name=Haire>{{cite book| title=The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements| editor1-last=Morss| editor2-first=Norman M.| editor2-last=Edelstein| editor3-last=Fuger| editor3-first=Jean| last1=Hoffman| first1=Darleane C.| last2=Lee| first2=Diana M.| last3=Pershina| first3=Valeria| chapter=Transactinides and the future elements| publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]| year=2006| isbn=978-1-4020-3555-5| location=Dordrecht, The Netherlands| edition=3rd| ref=CITEREFHaire2006}}</ref><ref name=BFricke/><ref name="Thayer pp63-67">{{cite book |last1=Thayer |first1=John S. |editor-first1=Maria |editor-last1=Barysz |editor-first2=Yasuyuki |editor-last2=Ishikawa |title=Relativistic Methods for Chemists |date=2010 |pages=63–67 |doi=10.1007/978-1-4020-9975-5_2 |chapter=Relativistic Effects and the Chemistry of the Heavier Main Group Elements |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1-4020-9974-8}}</ref> |
}} | }} | ||
| Fl={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Fl={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
| − | |main=(+2){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |main=(+2){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}} |
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(0), (+1), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}), (+4), (+6){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(0), (+1), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}), (+4), (+6){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}}<ref name=Haire>{{cite book| title=The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements| editor1-last=Morss| editor2-first=Norman M.| editor2-last=Edelstein| editor3-last=Fuger| editor3-first=Jean| last1=Hoffman| first1=Darleane C.| last2=Lee| first2=Diana M.| last3=Pershina| first3=Valeria| chapter=Transactinides and the future elements| publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]| year=2006| isbn=978-1-4020-3555-5| location=Dordrecht, The Netherlands| edition=3rd| ref=CITEREFHaire2006}}</ref><ref name=BFricke/><ref name=Schwerdtfeger>{{cite journal |last=Schwerdtfeger |first=Peter |last2=Seth |first2=Michael |date=2002 |title=Relativistic Quantum Chemistry of the Superheavy Elements. Closed-Shell Element 114 as a Case Study |url=http://www.radiochem.org/paper/JN31/30.pdf |journal=Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=133–136 |accessdate=12 September 2014|doi=10.14494/jnrs2000.3.133 }}</ref> |
}} | }} | ||
| Mc={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Mc={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
| − | |main=(+1), (+3){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |main=(+1), (+3){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}} |
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=({{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=({{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}}<ref name=Haire>{{cite book| title=The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements| editor1-last=Morss| editor2-first=Norman M.| editor2-last=Edelstein| editor3-last=Fuger| editor3-first=Jean| last1=Hoffman| first1=Darleane C.| last2=Lee| first2=Diana M.| last3=Pershina| first3=Valeria| chapter=Transactinides and the future elements| publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]| year=2006| isbn=978-1-4020-3555-5| location=Dordrecht, The Netherlands| edition=3rd| ref=CITEREFHaire2006}}</ref><ref name=BFricke/> |
}} | }} | ||
| Lv={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Lv={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
| − | |main=(+2){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |main=(+2){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}} |
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(−2),<ref name="Thayer p83">{{cite journal |last1=Thayer |first1=John S. |journal=Relativistic Methods for Chemists |title=Relativistic Effects and the Chemistry of the Heavier Main Group Elements |year=2010 |page=83 |doi=10.1007/978-1-4020-9975-5_2|isbn=978-1-4020-9974-8 }}</ref> ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}), (+4){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(−2),<ref name="Thayer p83">{{cite journal |last1=Thayer |first1=John S. |journal=Relativistic Methods for Chemists |title=Relativistic Effects and the Chemistry of the Heavier Main Group Elements |year=2010 |page=83 |doi=10.1007/978-1-4020-9975-5_2|isbn=978-1-4020-9974-8 }}</ref> ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}), (+4){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}}<ref name=Haire>{{cite book| title=The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements| editor1-last=Morss| editor2-first=Norman M.| editor2-last=Edelstein| editor3-last=Fuger| editor3-first=Jean| last1=Hoffman| first1=Darleane C.| last2=Lee| first2=Diana M.| last3=Pershina| first3=Valeria| chapter=Transactinides and the future elements| publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]| year=2006| isbn=978-1-4020-3555-5| location=Dordrecht, The Netherlands| edition=3rd| ref=CITEREFHaire2006}}</ref> |
}} | }} | ||
| Ts={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Ts={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
| − | |main=(+1), (+3){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |main=(+1), (+3){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}} |
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(−1), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}), (+5){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(−1), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}), (+5){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}}<ref name=BFricke/><ref name=Haire>{{cite book| title=The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements| editor1-last=Morss| editor2-first=Norman M.| editor2-last=Edelstein| editor3-last=Fuger| editor3-first=Jean| last1=Hoffman| first1=Darleane C.| last2=Lee| first2=Diana M.| last3=Pershina| first3=Valeria| chapter=Transactinides and the future elements| publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]| year=2006| isbn=978-1-4020-3555-5| location=Dordrecht, The Netherlands| edition=3rd| ref=CITEREFHaire2006}}</ref> |
}} | }} | ||
| Og={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Og={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
| − | |main=(+2), (+4){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |main=(+2), (+4){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}} |
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(−1),<ref name=Haire/> (0), (+1),<ref name=hydride>{{cite journal|journal=Journal of Chemical Physics|volume=112|issue=6|year=2000|title=Spin–orbit effects on the transactinide p-block element monohydrides MH (M=element 113–118)|first1=Young-Kyu |last1=Han|first2=Cheolbeom |last2=Bae|first3=Sang-Kil |last3=Son|first4=Yoon Sup |last4=Lee|doi=10.1063/1.480842|page=2684|bibcode=2000JChPh.112.2684H}}</ref> ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}),<ref name=Kaldor/> ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}),<ref name=Kaldor>{{cite book|title=Theoretical Chemistry and Physics of Heavy and Superheavy Elements|first1=Uzi |last1=Kaldor |first2=Stephen|last2=Wilson|page=105|year=2003|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1402013713|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0xcAM5BzS-wC&printsec=frontcover&dq=element+118+properties#PPA105,M1|accessdate=2008-01-18}}</ref> (+6)<ref name=Haire>{{cite book| title=The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements| editor1-last=Morss| editor2-first=Norman M.| editor2-last=Edelstein| editor3-last=Fuger| editor3-first=Jean| last1=Hoffman| first1=Darleane C.| last2=Lee| first2=Diana M.| last3=Pershina| first3=Valeria| chapter=Transactinides and the future elements| publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]| year=2006| isbn=978-1-4020-3555-5| location=Dordrecht, The Netherlands| edition=3rd| ref=CITEREFHaire2006}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(−1),<ref name=Haire/> (0), (+1),<ref name=hydride>{{cite journal|journal=Journal of Chemical Physics|volume=112|issue=6|year=2000|title=Spin–orbit effects on the transactinide p-block element monohydrides MH (M=element 113–118)|first1=Young-Kyu |last1=Han|first2=Cheolbeom |last2=Bae|first3=Sang-Kil |last3=Son|first4=Yoon Sup |last4=Lee|doi=10.1063/1.480842|page=2684|bibcode=2000JChPh.112.2684H}}</ref> ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}),<ref name=Kaldor/> ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+4'''}}),<ref name=Kaldor>{{cite book|title=Theoretical Chemistry and Physics of Heavy and Superheavy Elements|first1=Uzi |last1=Kaldor |first2=Stephen|last2=Wilson|page=105|year=2003|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1402013713|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0xcAM5BzS-wC&printsec=frontcover&dq=element+118+properties#PPA105,M1|accessdate=2008-01-18}}</ref> (+6)<ref name=Haire>{{cite book| title=The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements| editor1-last=Morss| editor2-first=Norman M.| editor2-last=Edelstein| editor3-last=Fuger| editor3-first=Jean| last1=Hoffman| first1=Darleane C.| last2=Lee| first2=Diana M.| last3=Pershina| first3=Valeria| chapter=Transactinides and the future elements| publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]| year=2006| isbn=978-1-4020-3555-5| location=Dordrecht, The Netherlands| edition=3rd| ref=CITEREFHaire2006}}</ref> {{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment||{{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}} |
}} | }} | ||
<!--- Period 8 ---> | <!--- Period 8 ---> | ||
| Uue={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Uue={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
| − | |main=(+1){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |main=(+1){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}} |
| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=({{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}), (+3){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=({{resize|1=112%|2='''+1'''}}), (+3){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}}<ref name=Haire>{{cite book| title=The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements| editor1-last=Morss| editor2-first=Norman M.| editor2-last=Edelstein| editor3-last=Fuger| editor3-first=Jean| last1=Hoffman| first1=Darleane C.| last2=Lee| first2=Diana M.| last3=Pershina| first3=Valeria| chapter=Transactinides and the future elements| publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]| year=2006| isbn=978-1-4020-3555-5| location=Dordrecht, The Netherlands| edition=3rd| ref=CITEREFHaire2006}}</ref> |
}} | }} | ||
| Ubn={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | | Ubn={{#switch:{{{format|}}} | ||
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| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(+1),<ref name=Thayer>{{cite journal |last1=Thayer |first1=John S. |journal=Relativistic Methods for Chemists |title=Relativistic Effects and the Chemistry of the Heavier Main Group Elements |year=2010 |page=84 |doi=10.1007/978-1-4020-9975-5_2|isbn=978-1-4020-9974-8 }}</ref> ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}), (+4){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(+1),<ref name=Thayer>{{cite journal |last1=Thayer |first1=John S. |journal=Relativistic Methods for Chemists |title=Relativistic Effects and the Chemistry of the Heavier Main Group Elements |year=2010 |page=84 |doi=10.1007/978-1-4020-9975-5_2|isbn=978-1-4020-9974-8 }}</ref> ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+2'''}}), (+4){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}}<ref name=Haire>{{cite book| title=The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements| editor1-last=Morss| editor2-first=Norman M.| editor2-last=Edelstein| editor3-last=Fuger| editor3-first=Jean| last1=Hoffman| first1=Darleane C.| last2=Lee| first2=Diana M.| last3=Pershina| first3=Valeria| chapter=Transactinides and the future elements| publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]| year=2006| isbn=978-1-4020-3555-5| location=Dordrecht, The Netherlands| edition=3rd| ref=CITEREFHaire2006}}</ref> |
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| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(+1), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=(+1), ({{resize|1=112%|2='''+3'''}}){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}}<ref name=Haire>{{cite book| title=The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements| editor1-last=Morss| editor2-first=Norman M.| editor2-last=Edelstein| editor3-last=Fuger| editor3-first=Jean| last1=Hoffman| first1=Darleane C.| last2=Lee| first2=Diana M.| last3=Pershina| first3=Valeria| chapter=Transactinides and the future elements| publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]]| year=2006| isbn=978-1-4020-3555-5| location=Dordrecht, The Netherlands| edition=3rd| ref=CITEREFHaire2006}}</ref><ref name=Amador>{{cite journal |last1=Amador |first1=Davi H. T. |last2=de Oliveira |first2=Heibbe C. B. |first3=Julio R. |last3=Sambrano |first4=Ricardo |last4=Gargano |first5=Luiz Guilherme M. |last5=de Macedo |date=12 September 2016 |title=4-Component correlated all-electron study on Eka-actinium Fluoride (E121F) including Gaunt interaction: Accurate analytical form, bonding and influence on rovibrational spectra |journal=Chemical Physics Letters |volume=662 |pages=169–175 |doi=10.1016/j.cplett.2016.09.025|bibcode=2016CPL...662..169A }}</ref> |
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| − | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=({{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}}){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted | + | |complete|complete_no_comment|#default=({{resize|1=112%|2='''+6'''}}){{#ifeq:{{{format|complete}}}|complete_no_comment|| {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment|comment=predicted}}}}<ref name="Pyykkö2011">{{Cite journal|last1=Pyykkö|first1=Pekka|authorlink=Pekka Pyykkö|title=A suggested periodic table up to Z ≤ 172, based on Dirac–Fock calculations on atoms and ions|journal=Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics|volume=13|issue=1|pages=161–8|year=2011|pmid=20967377|doi=10.1039/c0cp01575j|bibcode = 2011PCCP...13..161P }}</ref> |
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